CBT typically involves several key components aimed at identifying and addressing unhelpful thought patterns and behaviours. It begins with an assessment phase, where the therapist collaboratively explores the individual's concerns and establishes treatment goals. Following this, a formulation is developed, which involves understanding the connection between thoughts, emotions, and behaviours in maintaining psychological distress. Based on this formulation, specific interventions are applied, such as cognitive restructuring to challenge negative thoughts or exposure techniques to confront feared situations. Throughout the therapy process, clients are actively engaged in learning and practicing new skills to manage their symptoms effectively. This structured approach helps individuals develop greater self-awareness, resilience, and coping mechanisms to navigate life's challenges.